Ultrasound capable of identifying ovarian cancer?
In the realm of healthcare, detecting ovarian cancer early is crucial for improving a person's outlook. Two main types of ultrasound scans are used for this purpose: external (performed outside the body) and internal (performed inside the body). When it comes to ovarian cancer detection, healthcare professionals often opt for a transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS), which offers superior visualization of the ovaries and pelvic structures.
A TVUS involves inserting a probe into the vagina, placing the ultrasound transducer closer to the ovaries. This proximity results in higher-resolution images and better detail for detecting ovarian tumors or abnormalities. It is considered the first-line imaging modality for the evaluation of suspected ovarian cancer because it more accurately assesses ovarian masses and pelvic pathology.
In contrast, transabdominal (regular) ultrasound uses a probe on the abdomen, offering a broader but less detailed view. While useful, it is generally less sensitive for small ovarian lesions due to the distance between the probe and the ovaries and potential overlying bowel gas that can interfere with imaging. Transabdominal ultrasound may be used complementary to TVUS to evaluate larger pelvic or abdominal masses but is not the primary tool for early or detailed ovarian cancer detection.
Additional diagnostic approaches such as CA-125 blood tests and CT scans often complement ultrasound findings, but TVUS remains the cornerstone due to its ability to visualize ovarian morphology closely and detect masses that may suggest ovarian cancer.
It's important to note that while TVUS can determine if a person has masses on their ovaries, it cannot tell whether they are cancerous. A biopsy is needed to determine if the masses are malignant or benign.
Unfortunately, there are no reliable screening methods for ovarian cancer, but research is ongoing to find better, more accurate tests. People at risk of ovarian cancer, such as those with a family history of the disease, should consult a doctor to discuss screening and prevention options.
Early detection of ovarian cancer improves a person's outlook, with a 5-year survival rate of 90% associated with early detection. However, ultrasounds cannot confirm cancer but can raise suspicions that require further testing.
In summary, TVUS is preferred and more effective than regular ultrasound in detecting ovarian cancer due to its proximity to the ovaries and better image clarity.
| Feature | Transvaginal Ultrasound (TVUS) | Transabdominal Ultrasound (Regular) | |------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------| | Probe placement | Inside the vagina, near the ovaries | On the abdominal surface | | Image resolution | Higher, detailed images of ovaries and pelvis | Lower resolution, broader but less detailed view | | Sensitivity for ovarian lesions | Superior for small or early ovarian tumors | Less sensitive for small masses | | Role in ovarian cancer detection | First-line imaging modality for suspected ovarian cancer| Complementary, less commonly used alone |
The BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations, which increase a person's risk of developing breast cancer, also increase their risk of getting ovarian cancer and are present in 10-15% of ovarian cancer cases. Researchers have found a gene mutation called meth-HOXA9 in 93% of the 138 tissue samples they studied.
Individuals at lower risk of ovarian cancer have given birth to a child, breastfed for at least 1 year, used oral contraception for at least 5 years, had their ovaries or uterus removed, or followed a balanced, moderate lifestyle. Taking care of the body through maintaining a moderate weight, eating fruits and vegetables, participating in regular exercise, and limiting refined sugar may help reduce a person's risk of ovarian cancer.
References: [1] American College of Radiology. (2018). Imaging of ovarian cancer. ACR Appropriateness Criteria. [2] National Cancer Institute. (2019). Ovarian cancer screening. [3] American Cancer Society. (2020). Ovarian cancer. [4] UpToDate. (2021). Imaging of ovarian cancer.
- In women's health and wellness, early detection of ovarian cancer plays a significant role in improving a person's outlook.
- Transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS), a diagnostic medical-condition test, is considered the first-line imaging modality for the evaluation of suspected ovarian cancer due to its superior visualization of the ovaries.
- Science and research are exploring new methods for screening ovarian cancer, as there are currently no reliable screening methods available.
- A balanced, moderate lifestyle, such as maintaining a healthy weight, eating fruits and vegetables, and regular exercise, may help lower a person's risk of developing ovarian cancer.
