Study: Females Outlive Males in Many Mammals and Birds
A groundbreaking study published in Science Advances has revealed that humans aren't alone in experiencing a gender gap in lifespan. The research, which analysed 1,176 species, found that females outlive males in many mammals and birds, challenging the common assumption that this trend is unique to humans.
The study, led by Dr. Emma Thompson, discovered that in 72% of mammal species, females live an average of 12% longer than males. This includes species like cheetahs, humans, and killer whales (orcas), where females typically have a longer lifespan. However, the trend isn't universal; in some species like seahorses, males often outlive females. In birds, the pattern is reversed, with males living longer in 68% of species, by an average of 5%.
The lifespan gap is influenced by a complex interplay of factors. Genetic differences, sexual selection strategies, parental involvement, and environmental factors all contribute to the disparity. Differences in sex chromosomes also play a role in many mammals and birds. The study found that the gap is smallest in monogamous species and largest in those with pronounced size differences and multiple mates.
The findings suggest that the female advantage in lifespan is not solely a product of modern medical care or living conditions, as it is evident in both humans and numerous other species. However, the extent of this advantage varies widely across species. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and their implications for human health and longevity.
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