Recurring severe acne, known as cystic acne, afflicts individuals with large, inflamed lumps beneath the skin's surface.
Cystic acne, a severe form of acne, is a common concern for many adolescents and young adults. This condition, characterized by large, painful, pus-filled lumps, can cause emotional distress and potentially lead to scarring. The primary causes of cystic acne are hormonal changes during puberty, genetic predisposition, follicle blockage, bacterial infection, and additional factors such as stress and abnormal keratinization[1][3][4].
Treatment for cystic acne involves a combination of approaches, tailored to the severity of the condition. Topical treatments include retinoids, antibiotics, and benzoyl peroxide, which promote cell turnover, reduce bacterial colonization, kill acne-causing bacteria, and reduce oil production[1]. Oral medications, such as antibiotics, hormonal therapies like oral contraceptives or anti-androgens, and isotretinoin, are used for moderate to severe cases to address bacteria, hormonal imbalances, and sebum production[2][3].
Lifestyle adjustments play a crucial role in managing cystic acne. Gentle skin cleansing routines, stress management, and psychological support help reduce the impact of acne[1]. Medical evaluation may be necessary to address underlying hormonal disorders, such as polycystic ovary syndrome[2][3]. It is also important to avoid picking or squeezing acne lesions, as this can worsen inflammation and lead to scarring.
Isotretinoin, a powerful vitamin A derivative, is a prescription drug used for severe or cystic acne cases. However, it requires careful medical supervision due to potential side effects and the risk it poses to an unborn child[1]. Dermatologists may also offer incision and drainage of certain large cysts, but self-attempted procedures are strongly discouraged.
Prevention tips for acne include avoiding washing too often, not scrubbing harshly when washing, leaving pimples alone, avoiding heavy makeup, and shaving with care. It is essential to remember that acne is not caused by chocolate, nuts, greasy foods, poor hygiene, masturbation, or sex, or most other dietary choices[1].
Benzoyl peroxide, a treatment option for people with acne of any severity, is available over the counter or online. This treatment works by killing bacteria and breaking up comedones (whiteheads and blackheads)[1]. In 2009, acne was the second most common reason for visiting a dermatologist[4].
Acne most often affects adolescents and young adults, with an estimated 50 million people between 11 and 30 years of age experiencing acne at some point[4]. Cystic acne is relatively uncommon compared to regular acne. The risk of scarring from long-term cystic acne is a concern, producing long-term and permanent damage in the form of small, deep pits, larger pits, shallow depressions in the skin, red, raised scars[1].
In conclusion, early and appropriate treatment is crucial to prevent scarring and psychological impact. If you or someone you know is struggling with cystic acne, it is recommended to consult a dermatologist for a comprehensive evaluation and treatment plan.
References: [1] American Academy of Dermatology. (n.d.). Cystic Acne. Retrieved from https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/acne-and-rosacea/cystic-acne [2] Mayo Clinic. (2021, March 17). Cystic acne. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cystic-acne/symptoms-causes/syc-20373228 [3] National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. (2021, February 13). Acne. Retrieved from https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/acne [4] American Academy of Family Physicians. (2019, November 1). Acne. Retrieved from https://familydoctor.org/condition/acne/
- It's essential to note that while cystic acne is not typically linked with HIV, other medical conditions like hidradenitis suppurativa could cause skin-care issues, necessitating a medical-evaluation for a comprehensive understanding of the skin-related health-and-wellness challenges.
- In the realm of science, research continues to explore the connections between various factors and skin conditions, such as cystic acne and abnormal keratinization, aiming to provide more effective treatment methods and better manage these conditions in the future.
- Effective skin-care routines can help manage even severe medical conditions like cystic acne, and it's crucial to adopt techniques that not only involve treatment methods prescribed by medical professionals but also simple, effective practices like using AQ-based cleansers, which are gentle on the skin, to maintain a healthy complexion.
