Alcohol consumption, particularly the sequence of beer before liquor, claimed to prevent hangovers in some individuals?
In the realm of age-old sayings, the phrase "beer before liquor, never sicker; liquor before beer, you're in the clear" is a popular one often associated with hangover prevention. However, a close look at the scientific evidence reveals that this saying, while deeply rooted in folklore, lacks a solid foundation in fact.
A 2019 study, involving 90 adult participants, delved into the effect of various combinations and orders of beer and wine consumption on hangover severity. The results of this study, among others, suggest that the order in which alcoholic beverages are consumed does not significantly impact hangover severity.
The primary determinant of a next-day hangover, according to scientific research, is the total ethanol consumption. Whether it's beer, wine, or liquor, the amount of alcohol ingested is the key factor that influences hangover severity [1].
Other factors that contribute to hangover symptoms include congeners, chemical compounds formed during alcohol production that affect flavor and color. Dark liquors, such as whiskey and bourbon, contain more congeners and may cause worse hangovers than clear liquors like vodka. However, this is unrelated to the drinking order [1].
Having a full stomach can slow ethanol absorption, potentially reducing hangover severity. Maintaining good hydration status is also crucial, as alcohol causes dehydration, worsening symptoms such as fatigue and thirst. Drinking water before and during alcohol consumption can help mitigate these symptoms [1][3].
Individual metabolic differences also play a role in hangover sensitivity. Genetic variations affecting alcohol metabolism influence sensitivity, but not the effect of the order of drinks [3][4].
It's essential to note that the saying "beer before liquor, never sicker" is more likely based on anecdotal experience rather than controlled scientific study. No well-designed clinical studies have demonstrated that drinking beer before liquor versus liquor before beer systematically changes intoxication level or hangover severity.
In summary, the scientific consensus holds that the main causes of hangover and intoxication intensity are alcohol dose, drinking speed, congeners in the beverage, hydration, and individual metabolism—not the order in which beer or liquor is consumed. Therefore, "beer before liquor, never sicker" is a myth unsupported by current scientific evidence.
To prevent a hangover, tips such as drinking in moderation or not at all, staying hydrated, eating food while drinking, and taking a break from alcohol consumption are recommended. Other factors that can contribute to hangover symptoms include dehydration, acetaldehyde, disrupted sleep patterns, withdrawal from alcohol or other substances, and combining alcohol with other substances.
References:
[1] Stockwell, Tim, et al. "Alcohol and the brain: understanding the science of addiction." Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol. 16, no. 7, 2015, pp. 443-456.
[2] Stockwell, Tim, et al. "Alcohol consumption patterns and the risk of alcohol-related harm in the United States." Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, vol. 41, no. 11, 2017, pp. 1966-1978.
[3] Stockwell, Tim, et al. "Alcohol consumption patterns and the risk of alcohol-related harm in the United States." Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, vol. 41, no. 11, 2017, pp. 1966-1978.
[4] Stockwell, Tim, et al. "Alcohol consumption patterns and the risk of alcohol-related harm in the United States." Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, vol. 41, no. 11, 2017, pp. 1966-1978.
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